Mouth cancer can affect various parts of the oral cavity, including the tongue, gums, inner cheeks, roof and floor of the mouth, and lips. Depending on the stage of the cancer and the location of the tumor, treatment plans may vary in intensity and complexity.
Treatment options are largely determined by the stage of the cancer. Surgery is often the first line of treatment in early or localized cases. The tumor is surgically removed, and in many cases, reconstruction is necessary. This is done using techniques like pedicle or free flap procedures to restore function and appearance.
Radiation therapy is another common treatment. It involves targeting cancer cells using methods such as External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) or internal radiation known as brachytherapy. These methods aim to destroy cancerous tissues while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy cells.
Chemotherapy is used to kill cancer cells and is often combined with radiation therapy for greater effectiveness. This method uses powerful drugs that work throughout the body, especially when the cancer has spread beyond the mouth or is in a more advanced stage.
Targeted drug therapy focuses on specific cancer cell mechanisms, blocking their ability to grow and spread. This treatment is sometimes used alongside chemotherapy or radiation to increase success rates, especially in complex cases.
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